1. Basic Info
2. Descriptions:
amma-Butyrolactone (γ-butyrolactone or GBL) is a hygroscopic colorless liquid with a weak characteristic odor which is soluble in water. GBL is a common solvent and reagent in chemistry as well as being used as a flavouring, as a cleaning solvent, as a superglue remover, and as a solvent in some wet aluminium electrolytic capacitors. In humans it acts as a prodrug for GHB, and it is used as a recreational intoxicant with effects similar to alcohol.
GBL has been found in extracts from samples of unadulterated wines. This finding indicates that GBL is a naturally occurring component in some wines and may be present in similar products. The concentration detected was approximately 5 μg/mL and was easily observed using a simple extraction technique followed by GC/MS analysis. GBL can be found in cheese flavourings but typically results in a content of 0.0002% GBL in the final foodstuff.
GBL is a lactone. It is hydrolyzed under basic conditions, for example in a sodium hydroxide solution into sodium gamma-hydroxybutyrate, the sodium salt of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid. Under acidic conditions it forms an equilibrium mixture of both compounds. These compounds then may go on to form a polymer. When treated with a non-nucleophilic base, like lithium diisopropylamide, GBL can become an alpha-carbon nucleophile. The related compound caprolactone can be used to make a polyester in this manner.
GBL is not active in its own right; its mechanism of action stems from its identity as a prodrug of GHB. The hypnotic effect of GHB is enhanced by combination with alcohol. A 2003 rat study showed that GBL in combination with ethanol showed a potentiated hypnotic effect, as the sleep-timing measure was longer than both of the individual components combined.
3. Applications:
GBL is an important chemical raw material and intermediate for medicine, and also the intermediate of the synthesize N-methyl pyrrolidone, α -pyrrolidone, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, α -acetyl-γ -butyrolactone, methionine and the butyric acid compounds. This product features a strong solubility, and is a good solvent for polyacrylonitrile, epoxy resin, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl chloride and its copolymers, and cellulose polymers. In medical industry, it is mainly used in synthesizing cyclopropylamine, etc.
pecificatiuon:
Check Item |
Standard Value |
Results |
| Appearance |
Transparent liquid |
Transparent liquid |
| Purity (wt%,GC) |
≥99.80 |
99.92% |
| Moisture (wt%,K.F.) |
≤0.03 |
0.02 |
| Color (Hazen) |
≤20 |
5 |
| Density (D,g/ml) |
1.125~1.130 |
1.126 |
| Refractivity) |
1.436~1.437 |
1.4367 |
| Glycol (wt%,GC) |
≤0.02 |
0.003 |
| Tetrahydrofuran (wt%,GC) |
≤0.03 |
0.024 |
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